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Notes of Articles
Articles are a type of determiners.The word that defines a noun either as specific or non-specific is called an article.
Articles include Definite and Indefinite Articles which are explained below. They help in identifying a noun in various ways, for example, article make the sentence definite like the student, indefinite a student or by indicating quantity or amount like many students.
Types of Articles:
It is categorised into two different categories:
1. Definite i.e. the
2. Indefinite i.e. a/an
Definite Article:
It is used with singular, plural, or uncountable nouns.
“The” is called definite article.
Example:-
What is the name of this village?
Please pass me the bottle of water.
You are the man who helped me.
Indefinite Article:
They are used to denote non-specific objects.
“A” and “An” are called the indefinite articles.
In indefinite articles,
‘a’ is used with a consonant alphabet or which sounds consonant before singular countable noun.
Like: Chair, BA, Girl, Boy, Furniture, Table etc.
‘an’ is used with vowel sounds before the singular countable noun.
Ex : Heir, MA, Apple, Intelligent, Umbrella, Ice cream etc.
Examples:-
I ate an apple.
I went to buy a notebook.
She is an intelligent girl. (Here, “an” indefinite article is used before the adjective of singular noun)
Uses of article ‘A’:
It is used before the word starts with a consonant sound like: b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k etc.
Example:-
a book, a table, a clock, a university
Gold is a precious metal.
Use of indefinite article with the following phrases:
In a hurry, in a temper, in a rage, in a fix, in a mood, in a dilemma, in a nutshell, in a high spirits, in a diagram, make a fun of make a noise make a fun, make a request, make an impression, make a fool, make a guess at, Make an excuse, Keep a secret, Keep a promise, keep an appointment, etc.
Example:- He replied me in a moment.
When we refer to a person, animal or thing for the first time in a sentence then introduce in the following ways:
a child
an elephant
a television
a table
a book
Don’t use article A/AN with possessive pronouns, demonstratives and cardinal numbers.
Example:-
His shirt is dirty.
That car is expensive.
One person is waiting in the reception.
Uses of article ‘An’:
It is used before the word starts with a vowel sound like: a, e, i, o, u.
Example:-
an apple, an elephant, an umbrella, an hour
It is used when the word starts with a vowel like an aeroplane, an heir, an elephant, an inkpot, an orange, an umbrella, an hour, etc.
It is used when words startwith a ‘h’ and it is silent like an honest man, an hour, etc.
It is used when words start with consonants and having vowel sound like an M.P., an M.L.A, an F.I.R., an M. Sc., an x-ray
This is the correct form Such/ what/ how + A/ An+ SCN:
Such an idea
What a good idea
Uses of article ‘The’:
It is used before a particular person or thing.
Example:-
The students of this class are very punctual.
This is the boy I met yesterday.
Use of ‘The’ before superlative degrees of an adjective.
Example:-
It is the most important chapter in this book.
Dinesh is the best boy in the class.
Uttar Pradesh is the most populated state of India.
Use of ‘the’ before comparative degree in specific conditions like:
Rohit and Virat are cricketers and the latter one is my friend.
The more you study, the more you learn.
Imran is the better of the two students in this group.
It is used to denote a whole class or an entire category.
Example:-
The dog is a faithful animal.
The horse runs fast.
It is used before common nouns which are names of things unique of their kind.
Example:-
The sun shines in the sky.
The earth moves round the sun.
The moon is round today.
The world is beautiful.
It is used before the word ‘same’.
Example:-
I saw the same girl that you were talking about.
If an adjective used as a noun add ‘the’ to denote entire category:
The poor, the rich, the bad, the good, the young, etc
It is used before the names of directions, the dates of months.
Example:
The sun rises in the east.
The sun sets in the west.
I joined my job on the 15th of November.
It is used before the names of oceans, rivers, gulfs, seas, mountain ranges and groups of islands.
Series of mountains:
The Himalayas, the Alps, the Eastern Ghats etc.
Rivers:
The Ganga, the Narmada, the Indus, etc.
Patna is situated on the banks of the Ganga.
Sea and Ocean:
The Pacific Ocean, the Indian ocean, the red sea, etc.
The Indian ocean is lying to the south of India.
Group of islands:
The Andaman and Nicobar Islands, the Lakshadweep islands, etc.
The Andamans lie in the east of India.
It is used before the names of races or nations.
The French, the Indians, the Americans, etc.
Example:
The Indians are found in almost all the countries.
The Muslims keep fast during the Ramzan.
It is used before the names of newspapers, religious books, famous buildings, ships, historical events.
Newspapers:
I read the Times of India daily.
Religious books:
The Ramayana is the holy book of the Hindus.
Famous buildings or monuments:
The Taj is famous for its beauty.
Ships:
The Titanic met its tragic end.
It is used before the musical instruments.
Rehman plays the harmonium.
Kalpna plays the violin.
It is used before the inventions.
Example:-
Who invented the telephone?
It is used before the political parties.
Example:-
The Congress Party.
The Communist Party
It is used before Proper noun, Material noun and Abstract noun to make Common noun.
Example:-
Kalidas is the Shakespeare of India.
He is the Tagore of Hindi poetry.
The water of this well is fresh.
The gold of this ring is pure.
